Nasal congestion, also known as a stuffy nose, is one of the most common ailments experienced by both adults and children.

The most common causes of nasal congestion

Allergies

When the body is exposed to an allergen such as pollen or pet dander, the immune system reacts by releasing histamine, which triggers inflammation and swelling in the sinuses. This results in a stuffy nose.

Colds

When the body encounters a virus such as a rhinovirus (the most common cause of the common cold) or influenza, your immune system responds by releasing chemicals that cause inflammation and swelling of the sinuses. This can lead to nasal congestion.

Bacteria

Sinus infections, or sinusitis, are caused by bacteria. In this case, the sinuses become blocked and filled with mucus which can cause a stuffy nose.

Irritants

Cigarette smoke, dust mites, household chemicals, and other environmental irritants can all lead to nasal congestion.

Treatment

Treatment for nasal congestion can vary depending on the cause. For example, if allergies are causing your congested nose, then an antihistamine may be prescribed to reduce inflammation and swelling in the sinuses. If a cold or flu is causing your stuffy nose, then decongestants and nasal sprays may be recommended. If bacteria are responsible for your congestion, antibiotics may be prescribed.

Several home remedies can be used to treat a stuffy nose. These include using a humidifier or vaporizer in the bedroom to moisten the air and reduce inflammation. Drinking plenty of fluids and eating foods rich in Vitamin C such as oranges, sweet potatoes and peppers can also help reduce congestion.

In some cases, nasal congestion is the result of a structural problem such as a deviated septum or enlarged adenoids. If this is the case, then surgery may be recommended to correct the issue and relieve your stuffy nose. Consider talking to your doctor if you’re experiencing chronic or severe congestion.